Interesting ... but where does tracert get its IP address information? You do a tracert on any of those domains and of course it takes "forever" (>>500ms). But tracert converts the domain to an IP address before it starts looking for connections and that part of the process appears to be just about instantaneous. I suppose it could be in the order of 500ms but anything in excess of 20ms should be appreciable and there just doesn't seem to be an appreciable delay
One of those thngs that's not readily seen/found ... so, had to do it the hard way, which of course fell into that situation of where and when to find the time to locate the data, pick out enough to come up with at least a clue, then sort out how to write something up.
First of all ... seven different traceroute source code files located, exploded, analyzed ...
In a nutshell .... the first thing done is a lookup for the 'A Record' via a RADB listing .. this gets one that 'almost immediate" [traceroute to 100.100.1.100] message displayed .... Part of the 'secret' you're asking about is that the "A Record" is nothing but "Domain --> IP address" (the RADB thing is yet another whole different discussion)
Anyway, now that the 'source IP address' (typically 'your' computer) and the 'target IP address' has been found, the 'real' traceroute stuff starts. After sorting through all that source code, ths is another thing that is actually more amazing that it works as fast as it does (actually some of the thoughts were more like 'worked at all' .. <g>)
Example source available on-line ... ftp://ftp.login.com/pub/software/traceroute/traceroute.c
The tool-set offered at http://pwhois.org/lft/ looks pretty wild also ...
